Sweetgum - Liquidambar styraciflua

Name of Plant

Sweetgum

Liquidambar styraciflua

Description of Plant

Leaf: Star-shaped or maplelike, with 5, sometimes 7, long-pointed, finely saw-toothed lobes and 5 main veins from notched base; with resinous odor when crushed; leafstalks slender, nearly as long as blades. Shiny dark green above, turning reddish in autumn.

Flower: Tiny; in greenish ball-like clusters in spring; male in several clusters along a stalk; female in drooping cluster on same tree.

Fruit: A long stalked drooping brown ball composed of many individual fruits, each ending in 2 long curved prickly points and each with 1-2 long-winged seeds; maturing in autumn and persistent into winter.

Twig: Green to brown, stout, often forming corky wings.

Bark: Gray; deeply furrowed into narrow scaly ridges.

Form: Large, aromatic tree with straight trunk and conical crown that becomes round and spreading.

Discussion about Plant

An important timber tree, Sweetgum is second in production only to oaks among hardwoods. It is a leading furniture wood, used for cabinetwork, veneer, plywood, pulpwood, barrels, and boxes. In pioneer days, a gum was obtained from the trunks by peeling the bark and scraping off the resinlike solid. This gum was used medicinally as well as for chewing gum. Commercial storax, a fragrant resin used in perfumes and medicines, is from the related Oriental Sweetgum of western Asia.

Distribution of Plant

Extreme SW Connecticut south to central Florida, west to E Texas, and north to S Illinois; also a variety in E Mexico.
http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/vine/toxdiv/index.html

Location of Plant

Photographed outside Fairview, Illinois.

Copyright Jamie Neville and Radine Kellogg
Spoon River Valley HS Dist#4
London Mills, IL 61544

References

The National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees

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